方法对比

	比较人种志	多案例研究
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1987–1995 (systematic comparative ethnography formalized)	1980s–1990s (Yin's first edition 1984; Stake's collective case study concept 1995)
提出者	George E. Marcus (multi-sited formulation); Charles C. Ragin (comparative logic)	Robert K. Yin (systematic replication logic); Robert E. Stake (naturalistic/collective case tradition)
类型	Qualitative comparative research design	Qualitative research method
开创性文献	Marcus, G. E. (1995). Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 95–117.	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169
别名	multi-sited ethnography, cross-site ethnography, comparative field research, comparative participant observation	comparative case study, multi-site case study, collective case study, cross-case analysis
相关	6	6
摘要	Comparative ethnography is a qualitative research design that conducts in-depth ethnographic fieldwork across two or more sites, groups, communities, or cultural settings in order to generate systematic comparisons. Rather than describing a single community in isolation, it traces similarities, differences, and interconnections across cases, producing theoretically grounded insights that no single site could yield alone.	Multiple-case study design investigates two or more bounded real-world cases using the same research protocol, then compares findings across cases to identify patterns, contrasts, and explanatory insights that a single case could not produce. Developed primarily through Robert Yin's replication logic and Robert Stake's collective case tradition, the approach is particularly powerful when a researcher needs to determine whether a phenomenon occurs under varied conditions or to test an emerging theoretical explanation against rival contexts.