方法对比

	Cochran's Q 检验	Friedman 检验
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1950	1937
提出者	William G. Cochran	Milton Friedman
类型	Nonparametric proportions comparison	Nonparametric repeated-measures comparison (by ranks)
开创性文献	Cochran, W. G. (1950). The comparison of percentages in matched samples. Biometrika, 37(3–4), 256–266.	Friedman, M. (1937). The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 32(200), 675–701.
别名	Cochran Q Testi, Cochran's Q, Q test for related proportions	Friedman two-way analysis of variance by ranks, Friedman rank test, Friedman Testi
相关	4	2
摘要	Cochran's Q test is a nonparametric hypothesis test introduced by William G. Cochran in 1950 for comparing proportions across three or more related binary measurements. It extends McNemar's test to the multiple-condition case and is the method of choice when every participant is observed under each condition and the outcome is recorded as a simple success/failure (1/0).	The Friedman test is a nonparametric hypothesis test that compares three or more related conditions measured on the same blocks or subjects, serving as the rank-based alternative to repeated-measures ANOVA. It was introduced by Milton Friedman in 1937 and works on ordinal or continuous data without assuming normality.