方法对比
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| 簇随机试验× | 随机对照试验 (RCT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 临床研究 | 实验设计 |
| 方法族≠ | Process / pipeline | Hypothesis test |
| 起源年份≠ | 1999-2000 | 1948 |
| 提出者≠ | Campbell, Grimshaw, Elbourne et al. | James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948) |
| 类型≠ | Research Design | Interventional comparative study |
| 开创性文献≠ | Campbell, M. K., Grimshaw, J. M., & Elbourne, D. R. (2000). Intracluster correlation coefficients in cluster randomized trials: empirical insights into how should they be reported. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 4, 30. link ↗ | Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | CRT, cluster RCT, cluster trial, group randomization | RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı |
| 相关≠ | 3 | 7 |
| 摘要≠ | A cluster randomized trial (CRT) randomizes intact groups—schools, clinics, villages, or hospital wards—rather than individuals. Developed by Campbell, Grimshaw, and colleagues in the late 1990s to address real-world settings where intervention delivery or contamination occurs at the group level, CRTs are now standard for evaluating population-level, community-based, and policy interventions. | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010). |
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