方法对比
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| 簇随机全因子实验× | 整群随机对照试验× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 实验设计 | 实验设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Late 20th–early 21st century (formalized ~1998–2014) | 1978–1980s |
| 提出者≠ | Synthesis of cluster randomization (Murray, 1998) and factorial design traditions (Fisher, 1935; Collins et al., 2014) | Cornfield (1978); systematised by Donner and colleagues (1980s) |
| 类型 | Experimental design | Experimental design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Murray, D. M. (1998). Design and Analysis of Group-Randomized Trials. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195120264 | Donner, A., & Klar, N. (2000). Design and Analysis of Cluster Randomization Trials in Health Research. Arnold. ISBN: 978-0340652978 |
| 别名 | cluster RCT full factorial, group-randomized full factorial design, CRT full factorial, cluster full factorial trial | cluster RCT, group-randomized trial, community randomized trial, cluster-randomized experiment |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | A cluster-randomized full factorial experiment assigns intact groups (clusters) rather than individuals to every possible combination of two or more experimental factors. All factor-level combinations are tested simultaneously, enabling estimation of both main effects and all interaction effects, while preserving the integrity of naturally occurring social or organizational units such as schools, clinics, or communities. | A cluster randomized controlled trial (cluster RCT) is an experimental design in which intact social or organisational groups — such as schools, clinics, villages, or workplaces — are randomly assigned to treatment conditions rather than individual participants. Outcomes are still measured at the individual level, but the unit of randomization is the cluster. This design is essential when an intervention is delivered to whole groups, when there is a risk of contamination between participants in the same setting, or when individual randomization is logistically or ethically impractical. |
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