方法对比
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| 簇随机对照试验设计× | 对照组实验设计× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 实验设计 | 实验设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1990s (formal methodology development) | 1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification) |
| 提出者≠ | Murray, D. M.; Donner, A. and Klar, N. (systematic formalization) | Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley |
| 类型≠ | Experimental design | Experimental research design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Donner, A., & Klar, N. (2000). Design and Analysis of Cluster Randomization Trials in Health Research. Arnold. ISBN: 978-0340691533 | Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally. link ↗ |
| 别名 | CRCT with control group, group-randomized trial, cluster RCT control group design, community randomized controlled trial | controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | A cluster randomized control group experimental design randomly assigns intact groups (clusters) — such as schools, clinics, or communities — rather than individuals to treatment or control conditions. At least one cluster group receives no active intervention, serving as the control. This design is essential when individual randomization is impractical or contamination between participants in close proximity is likely. | Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders. |
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