方法对比

	Clinical Frailty Scale	Waterlow 压力损伤风险评估量表
领域	护理学	护理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2005	1985
提出者	Kenneth Rockwood	Judy Waterlow
类型	Clinician-rated frailty assessment	Clinician-rated risk assessment tool
开创性文献	Rockwood, K., Song, X., MacKnight, C., et al. (2005). A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ, 173(5), 489-495.	Waterlow, J. (1985). A risk assessment tool for pressure sores. Nursing Times, 81(48), 49-55.
别名	CFS, Frailty Scale, Clinical Frailty Assessment	Waterlow Scale, Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment, Waterlow Score
相关	3	3
摘要	The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), developed by Kenneth Rockwood and colleagues in 2005, is a brief, validated tool for assessing frailty in older adults. Frailty—a syndrome of diminished physiologic reserve, increased vulnerability, and reduced functional ability—is recognized as a distinct clinical state that predicts mortality, disability, and healthcare utilization independent of age and comorbidities. The CFS uses a seven-point (or nine-point in later versions) clinical judgment-based scale, making it practical and rapid for bedside use in hospitals, clinics, and long-term care.	The Waterlow Pressure Injury Risk Assessment Scale, developed by Judy Waterlow in 1985, is a widely used clinical tool in nursing for identifying patients at risk of developing pressure injuries (formerly called pressure ulcers or bedsores). The scale evaluates multiple risk factors including age, mobility, skin condition, weight/body mass index, appetite, and incontinence status, generating a numerical risk score that guides preventive care intensity. It is standard in hospital, long-term care, and community nursing settings across the United Kingdom, Europe, and internationally.