方法对比

	经典扎根理论	民族志
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1967	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
提出者	Barney G. Glaser and Anselm L. Strauss	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
类型	Qualitative research method	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
开创性文献	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine.	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
别名	Glaserian GT, CGT, original grounded theory, classic GT	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
相关	6	5
摘要	Classic Grounded Theory (CGT) is a systematic qualitative methodology for generating substantive theory from empirical data. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, it uses iterative cycles of data collection, constant comparison, and memo writing to produce a core category and surrounding conceptual framework that explains a social or psychological process. Unlike its later variants, Glaserian CGT insists on emergence — theory must arise from data without forcing preconceived frameworks.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.