方法对比

	案例研究	话语分析	扎根理论	叙事分析
领域	质性	质性研究	质性研究	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1984 (seminal codification)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)	1967	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
提出者	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
类型	Qualitative research design	Method	Method	Qualitative interpretive method
开创性文献	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
别名	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
相关	5	2	3	6
摘要	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.