方法对比

	Card Sorting	树测试
领域	人机交互	人机交互
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1990s	2000s
提出者	Information Architecture Practitioners	Usability Professionals
类型	Participatory technique for validating or designing information structures	Task-based testing of navigation structures
开创性文献	Spencer, D. (2009). Card Sorting: Designing Usable Categories. Rosenfeld Media. ISBN: 1-933820-36-5	Tullis, T., Fleischman, S., McNulty, M., Ciccone, C., & Bergel, M. (2002). An empirical comparison of lab and remote usability testing of web sites. In Proceedings of the Usability Professionals Association Annual Conference.
别名	Card Sort, Open Card Sorting, Closed Card Sorting	Reverse Card Sort, Card Sorting Validation
相关	4	4
摘要	Card Sorting is a participatory design technique where users organize content items (represented on cards) into logical groups and categories. Used primarily for information architecture design, card sorting reveals how users naturally think about and categorize content, providing empirical data for navigation hierarchies, menu structures, and taxonomy design. The method exists in open form (users create their own categories) and closed form (users organize cards into predefined categories), each revealing different insights about user mental models and organization preferences.	Tree Testing is a quantitative, task-based validation method for evaluating information architecture and navigation structures. Users are presented with a text-only representation of a website or app hierarchy (a tree) and asked to locate specific items or complete tasks by clicking through the structure. Unlike card sorting, which reveals user mental models during design, tree testing validates whether a proposed structure allows users to find items efficiently. The method captures success rate, time-to-completion, and paths taken, providing metrics for comparing navigation designs.