方法对比

	Bureaucratic Reputation Analysis	Transparency Index
领域	Public Administration	Public Administration
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2001	2006
提出者	Daniel P. Carpenter	Transparency International / International Budget Partnership
类型	Theoretical analytical framework	Composite governance index
开创性文献	Carpenter, D. P. (2001). The Forging of Bureaucratic Autonomy: Reputations, Networks, and Policy Innovation in Executive Agencies, 1862–1928. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691070100	Transparency International. Anti-corruption and transparency measurement resources. Transparency International, Berlin.
别名	Agency Reputation Analysis, Reputational Theory of Bureaucracy, Organizational Reputation Analysis, Carpenter Reputation Framework	Government Transparency Index, Openness Index, Fiscal Transparency Index, Disclosure Index
相关	4	4
摘要	Bureaucratic reputation analysis is an analytical framework for explaining the behaviour, power and autonomy of public agencies through the lens of their reputation — the set of symbolic beliefs about an agency's capacities, intentions and history held by its many audiences. Developed by Daniel Carpenter, notably in his 2001 study of how U.S. executive agencies forged autonomy, and elaborated with George Krause, the framework treats reputation as a strategic asset that agencies cultivate and protect. It distinguishes performative, moral, technical and procedural dimensions of reputation and traces how reputational concerns drive what agencies do.	A transparency index is a composite measure that scores how openly a government discloses its decisions, finances and operations to citizens. By coding observable indicators — whether budget documents are published, whether access-to-information laws exist and are honoured, whether procurement and asset declarations are public — and aggregating them into a single normalised score, the index makes an abstract governance value comparable across jurisdictions and over time. Prominent operational examples include Transparency International's body of openness measures and the International Budget Partnership's Open Budget Index. Such indices anchor advocacy, conditionality and reform monitoring.