方法对比

	精确二项检验	交叉分类分析
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Regression model	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1988	1900
提出者	Classical exact test; textbook treatment by Siegel & Castellan	Karl Pearson
类型	Exact one-sample test for a proportion	Descriptive and inferential categorical analysis
开创性文献	Siegel, S. & Castellan, N. J. (1988). Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0070573574	Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable in the case of a correlated system of variables is such that it can be reasonably supposed to have arisen from random sampling. Philosophical Magazine, 50(302), 157–175.
别名	exact binomial test, binomial probability test, exact test for a proportion, Tam Binom Testi	crosstab, contingency table analysis, two-way frequency table, bivariate frequency analysis
相关	2	5
摘要	The exact binomial test checks whether the observed number of successes in a fixed number of independent trials is consistent with a pre-specified success probability p₀. Because it computes exact binomial tail probabilities rather than relying on a normal approximation, it is the gold standard for testing a proportion in small samples; this two-sided formulation follows Siegel & Castellan's classic treatment (1988).	Cross-tabulation analysis (contingency table analysis) is a foundational descriptive and inferential technique for examining the relationship between two or more categorical variables. It arranges observed frequencies into a table of rows and columns, enabling visual inspection of patterns and formal chi-square testing of independence between the variables.