方法对比

	贝叶斯 K-均值聚类	贝叶斯层次聚类 (Bayesian Hierarchical Clustering, BHC)
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	2006–2012	2005
提出者	Kulis & Jordan (ICML 2012) formalized the Bayesian nonparametric derivation; Bishop (2006) established the variational Bayesian EM framework for Gaussian mixture models as a probabilistic foundation	Katherine Heller & Zoubin Ghahramani
类型	Probabilistic clustering / Bayesian nonparametric	Probabilistic clustering / model-based hierarchical agglomeration
开创性文献	Kulis, B. & Jordan, M. I. (2012). Revisiting k-means: New algorithms via Bayesian nonparametrics. In Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), Edinburgh, Scotland, pp. 513–520.	Heller, K. A. & Ghahramani, Z. (2005). Bayesian hierarchical clustering. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2005), pp. 297–304. ACM.
别名	Bayesian K-means, probabilistic K-means, Dirichlet K-means, BKM	BHC, probabilistic hierarchical clustering, Bayesian agglomerative clustering
相关	6	6
摘要	Bayesian K-means clustering extends the classical K-means algorithm by placing prior distributions over cluster centroids and mixing proportions. This probabilistic framework provides uncertainty estimates for cluster assignments, allows principled model selection for the number of clusters, and regularises centroid estimation — especially valuable when data are scarce or high-dimensional.	Bayesian hierarchical clustering is a probabilistic agglomerative algorithm that builds a tree of nested cluster merges using Bayesian model comparison at each step. Rather than minimising a geometric linkage criterion, it evaluates at every candidate merge whether the data from two clusters are better explained by a single combined model or by two separate models, yielding a statistically principled dendrogram.