方法对比

	轴编码	话语分析	叙事分析
领域	质性	质性研究	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
提出者	Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
类型	Qualitative research method	Method	Qualitative interpretive method
开创性文献	Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803932456	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
别名	axial analysis, relational coding, category development coding, second-level coding	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
相关	6	2	6
摘要	Axial coding is the second major analytical step in grounded theory analysis, performed after open coding. Introduced by Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin in 1990, it involves systematically re-examining and reorganising the many discrete codes generated during open coding by identifying a central (axial) category and mapping the causal conditions, contextual factors, intervening conditions, action-interaction strategies, and consequences that surround it. The goal is to move from a fragmented list of codes to a coherent relational structure that reflects how concepts interconnect in the data.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.