方法对比
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| 运动员身份认同测量量表 (AIMS)× | 心理韧性问卷 (MTQ48)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 运动心理学 | 运动心理学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1993 | 2002 |
| 提出者≠ | Britton Brewer, Jean Van Raalte, Diane Linder | Peter Clough, Keith Earle, David Sewell |
| 类型≠ | Self-report athletic identity questionnaire | Self-report mental toughness and resilience questionnaire |
| 开创性文献≠ | Brewer, B. W., Van Raalte, J. L., & Linder, D. E. (1993). Athletic identity: Hercules' muscles or Achilles' heel? International Journal of Sport Psychology, 24(2), 237–254. link ↗ | Clough, P. J., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: A definition and measured construct. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 169–187. link ↗ |
| 别名≠ | AIMS, Athletic Identity | MTQ48, Mental Toughness, 4Cs |
| 相关 | 4 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | The AIMS is a 10-item questionnaire assessing the degree to which being an athlete is central to an individual's self-concept and identity. Developed by Brewer, Van Raalte, and Linder in 1993, the AIMS has become the standard instrument for measuring athletic identity and is widely used to predict athlete coping responses to injury, career transitions, and retirement. | The MTQ48 is a 48-item instrument measuring mental toughness—the capacity to perform well under pressure, persist through adversity, maintain emotional control, and sustain commitment toward goals. Developed by Clough, Earle, and Sewell in 2002, the MTQ48 operationalizes mental toughness across four dimensions (the '4Cs': Control, Commitment, Challenge, and Confidence) and has become widely adopted in sport psychology, talent development, and organizational psychology for identifying and developing psychological resilience. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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