方法对比

	缺失数据下的近似贝叶斯计算	Multiple Imputation
领域	贝叶斯	统计学
方法族	Bayesian methods	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2002 (ABC); 1987 (missing data theory)	1987
提出者	Beaumont, Zhang & Balding (ABC); Rubin (missing data framework)	Donald B. Rubin
类型	likelihood-free Bayesian inference	Missing-data handling procedure
开创性文献	Beaumont, M. A., Zhang, W. & Balding, D. J. (2002). Approximate Bayesian computation in population genetics. Genetics, 162(4), 2025–2035.	Rubin, D.B. (1987). Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. Wiley.
别名	ABC with missing data, likelihood-free inference with missing data, simulation-based inference for incomplete data, ABC-MD	MICE, Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations, Çoklu Atama (Multiple Imputation — MICE)
相关	6	1
摘要	Approximate Bayesian Computation with missing data extends the likelihood-free ABC framework to settings where observations are incomplete or partially recorded. By simulating data under a posited model and accepting parameter draws whose simulated summary statistics are close to the observed ones, it bypasses the need to evaluate an intractable likelihood — even when some data values are absent.	Multiple Imputation (MI), formally introduced by Donald B. Rubin in 1987, is a principled statistical procedure for handling missing data. Rather than replacing each missing value once, MI fills the gaps m times — each time drawing plausible values from the posterior predictive distribution of the missing data — producing m complete datasets. Each dataset is analysed independently, and the results are combined into a single set of estimates using Rubin's pooling rules. The MICE variant (Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations), popularised by van Buuren and Groothuis-Oudshoorn (2011), extends the approach to mixed variable types by imputing each variable in turn through a sequence of conditional regression models.