方法对比

	Alliance Portfolio Similarity	Alliance Network Analysis
领域	International Relations	International Relations
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1999	2012
提出者	Bueno de Mesquita (Tau-b); Curtis Signorino & Jeffrey Ritter (S)	Skyler Cranmer, Bruce Desmarais & Elizabeth Menninga
类型	Dyadic similarity index over alliance commitment profiles	Network analysis and inferential network modeling of interstate alliances
开创性文献	Signorino, C. S., & Ritter, J. M. (1999). Tau-b or not Tau-b: Measuring the similarity of foreign policy positions. International Studies Quarterly, 43(1), 115–144.	Cranmer, S. J., Desmarais, B. A., & Menninga, E. J. (2012). Complex dependencies in the alliance network. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 29(3), 279–313.
别名	Alliance Portfolio Similarity Scores, S-Score of Alliance Similarity, Tau-b Alliance Similarity, Alliance Profile Similarity	International Alliance Networks, Alliance Portfolio Network Analysis, Network Models of Alliance Formation, Interstate Alliance Graph Analysis
相关	3	3
摘要	Alliance portfolio similarity measures how alike two states' overall patterns of alliance commitments are. Each state has a 'portfolio' — the profile of defense pacts, neutrality agreements, ententes, or no tie it holds with every other state — and the similarity of two portfolios is summarized in a single dyadic score. Signorino and Ritter (1999) showed that the long-dominant Kendall's tau-b measure is flawed for this purpose and introduced the S-score as a better-behaved alternative. These scores are a standard proxy for shared interests and have been used to operationalize utilities in expected-utility models of war.	Alliance network analysis studies international alliances as a graph of states linked by formal security commitments, and models how that network forms and evolves. Rather than treating each alliance dyad as independent, it uses network science and inferential models such as the exponential random graph model (ERGM) — applied to alliance data by Cranmer, Desmarais, and Menninga (2012) — to capture the complex dependencies, such as a state's tendency to ally with its allies' allies, that ordinary dyadic regression assumes away.