方法对比

	自适应所罗门四组设计	交叉所罗门四组设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1949 (base design); adaptive adaptation developed through later adaptive trial methodology	1949 (base design); crossover adaptation developed through later methodological literature
提出者	Richard L. Solomon (base design); adaptive extension via response-adaptive randomization methodology	Richard L. Solomon (base design); crossover extension via repeated-measures methodology
类型	Experimental design (pretest-sensitization control + adaptive randomization)	Experimental design (pretest-sensitization control + within-subjects crossover)
开创性文献	Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150.	Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150.
别名	adaptive S4G design, response-adaptive Solomon design, sequential Solomon four-group design, adaptive pretest-sensitization design	crossover S4G design, within-subjects Solomon design, repeated-measures Solomon four-group design
相关	6	5
摘要	The Adaptive Solomon Four-Group Design combines the pretest-sensitization control of Solomon's classic four-group structure with response-adaptive randomization, allowing interim outcome data to update the allocation probabilities across the four groups as the study progresses. This hybrid preserves the design's ability to isolate the testing effect while improving ethical efficiency by steering more participants toward conditions performing better at interim checkpoints.	The Crossover Solomon Four-Group Design merges two powerful experimental strategies: the Solomon four-group design's control for pretest sensitization and the crossover design's within-subjects efficiency. Participants are randomly assigned to one of four groups that vary in whether they receive a pretest and in the sequence of treatment and control conditions, allowing the researcher to simultaneously estimate treatment effects, pretest effects, and their interaction while controlling for individual differences through repeated measurement.