方法对比

	自适应重复测量实验设计	自适应随机对照试验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000s (integration of adaptive principles with classic pre-post structure)	1980s–2000s (formalized; earlier sequential testing roots from Wald, 1947)
提出者	Synthesizes Campbell & Stanley (1963) pretest-posttest framework with adaptive design methodology formalized by Chow & Chang (2000s)	Donald Berry and others; foundational adaptive trial methods developed through 1980s–2000s biostatistics literature
类型	Experimental design	Experimental design — adaptive variant of RCT
开创性文献	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Chow, S.-C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584887690
别名	adaptive pre-post design, adaptive pretest-posttest trial, adaptive two-period design, pre-post adaptive experiment	Adaptive RCT, Response-adaptive RCT, Adaptive clinical trial, Platform trial
相关	6	6
摘要	An adaptive pretest-posttest experimental design measures all participants before and after an intervention while allowing pre-specified modifications to the trial — such as sample size re-estimation, treatment arm dropping, or randomization ratio adjustment — based on accumulated interim data. It combines the interpretive power of change-score analysis with the efficiency gains and ethical safeguards of adaptive methodology, making it particularly valuable in clinical, educational, and behavioral research where early data can inform better resource allocation.	An adaptive randomized controlled trial (adaptive RCT) is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow modifications to the trial while it is ongoing — such as changing allocation ratios, dropping underperforming arms, or stopping early for efficacy or futility — based on accumulating interim data. These adaptations are planned before the trial starts and governed by statistical rules to preserve Type I error control and validity.