方法对比
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| 自适应多阶段抽样× | 簇抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1977 (multistage base); 1990-1992 (adaptive extensions by Thompson) | Early-to-mid 20th century; canonical treatment 1953/1977 |
| 提出者≠ | Steven K. Thompson (adaptive principles); William G. Cochran (multistage framework) | Formalized by William G. Cochran; roots in early 20th-century U.S. Census Bureau survey practice |
| 类型≠ | Probability-based adaptive sampling design | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Thompson, S. K. (1992). Sampling. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471548850 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| 别名≠ | AMS, adaptive multi-phase sampling, sequential multistage sampling, adaptive hierarchical sampling | cluster random sampling, area sampling, one-stage cluster sampling |
| 相关 | 5 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Adaptive multistage sampling combines the hierarchical efficiency of multistage designs with adaptive decision rules that adjust which units are sampled at later stages based on what is observed at earlier stages. It is used when a target characteristic is rare, clustered, or spatially heterogeneous and a fixed design would waste resources on uninformative areas of the population. | Cluster sampling is a probability sampling technique in which the population is divided into naturally occurring groups (clusters), a random sample of clusters is selected, and all — or a random subset of — members within each selected cluster are studied. It is especially practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when units are geographically dispersed, making individual random selection prohibitively expensive. One-stage cluster sampling surveys every member of selected clusters; two-stage designs add a second random draw within clusters. |
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