方法对比

	适应性多基线设计	自适应实验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1968 (multiple baseline base); adaptive extensions discussed from ~2000s onward	1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s
提出者	Baer, Wolf & Risley (multiple baseline foundation); adaptive modifications developed within single-case methodology community	Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others
类型	Single-case experimental design (SCED)	Experimental research design
开创性文献	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.	Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761
别名	adaptive MBD, flexible multiple baseline design, adaptive SCED multiple baseline, data-driven multiple baseline design	adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization
相关	6	5
摘要	The Adaptive Multiple Baseline Design is a single-case experimental design that applies the standard multiple baseline logic — staggering intervention onset across two or more tiers (behaviors, settings, or participants) — but allows phase-change decisions to be guided by ongoing data review rather than fixed, pre-specified schedules. This flexibility makes the design more responsive to participant variability while preserving the core replication logic that supports causal inference.	An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour.