方法对比
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| 自适应实验× | 析因实验× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 实验设计 | 实验设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s | 1926–1935 |
| 提出者≠ | Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others | Ronald A. Fisher |
| 类型≠ | Experimental research design | Quantitative experimental design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761 | Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd. link ↗ |
| 别名 | adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization | factorial design, factorial ANOVA design, multi-factor experiment, crossed-factor design |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour. | A factorial experiment is an experimental design in which two or more independent variables (factors) are manipulated simultaneously, and every combination of their levels is tested. Introduced by Ronald Fisher in the 1920s–1930s, it is the standard approach whenever a researcher needs to detect not only the main effect of each factor but also whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of another — the interaction effect. |
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