方法对比

	自适应AB设计	ABA 设计	ABAB设计	自适应实验
领域	实验设计	实验设计	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1968 (AB foundation); 2000s (adaptive extensions)	1968	1960s (Sidman 1960; Baer et al. 1968)	1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s
提出者	Baer, Wolf & Risley (AB foundation); Kratochwill & Levin (adaptive single-case extensions)	Montrose Wolf, Donald Baer, Todd Risley (applied behavior analysis tradition)	Murray Sidman; Baer, Wolf & Risley (applied behavior analysis formalization)	Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others
类型	Single-subject experimental design with adaptive phase-change rules	Single-subject experimental design	Single-subject experimental design	Experimental research design
开创性文献	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91-97.	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.	Sidman, M. (1960). Tactics of Scientific Research: Evaluating Experimental Data in Psychology. Basic Books.	Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761
别名	adaptive single-case AB design, data-driven AB design, adaptive baseline-intervention design, adaptive AB phase design	reversal design, withdrawal design, ABA withdrawal design	reversal design, withdrawal design, ABAB reversal, operant reversal design	adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization
相关	6	4	4	5
摘要	The adaptive AB design is a single-subject experimental design that retains the two-phase baseline-then-intervention structure of the classic AB design but replaces fixed session-count rules with pre-specified data-driven criteria — such as stability thresholds or trend benchmarks — that determine when to transition between phases. This adaptive logic allows the phase boundary to move in response to the individual participant's actual performance trajectory rather than a predetermined schedule.	The ABA design is a single-subject experimental design that demonstrates experimental control through three sequential phases: a baseline phase (A1), an intervention phase (B), and a return-to-baseline withdrawal phase (A2). By removing the intervention in the final phase and observing whether behavior reverts toward baseline levels, researchers establish a functional relationship between the treatment and the target behavior for an individual participant.	The ABAB design is a single-subject experimental methodology that establishes causal control by repeatedly introducing and removing an intervention. A baseline phase (A) is followed by an intervention phase (B), then a return to baseline (A), and a second intervention phase (B), allowing the researcher to demonstrate that observed behavior changes are produced by the intervention rather than by coincidental factors.	An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour.