方法对比

	Acoustic Phonetic Analysis	Variationist Sociolinguistics
领域	语言学	语言学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1960	1972
提出者	Acoustic phoneticians (Gunnar Fant; Peter Ladefoged; Keith Johnson)	William Labov
类型	Empirical measurement workflow for the acoustic signal of speech	Quantitative field study of socially conditioned linguistic variation
开创性文献	Johnson, K. (2012). Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics (3rd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 9781405194662	Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic Patterns. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN: 9780812210521
别名	Acoustic Analysis of Speech, Speech Acoustic Measurement, Acoustic Speech Analysis	Variationist Analysis, Labovian Sociolinguistics, Quantitative Sociolinguistics
相关	3	4
摘要	Acoustic phonetic analysis is the empirical measurement workflow at the heart of experimental phonetics: it records speech, segments and labels the signal, and extracts quantitative acoustic parameters — the waveform, the spectrogram, fundamental frequency (F0), the formants, intensity, segment duration, and voice onset time (VOT). These measurements are interpreted through the source-filter theory of speech production, which models the output sound as a glottal source spectrum shaped by the transfer function of the vocal tract, turning the audible speech stream into reproducible numbers that can be compared, modelled, and related to articulation.	Variationist sociolinguistics is the quantitative study of how linguistic variation is structured by social and linguistic factors. Pioneered by William Labov in the 1960s and 1970s, it treats alternative ways of saying the same thing — the 'linguistic variable' — as systematically conditioned by speaker characteristics (class, age, sex, ethnicity), stylistic context, and the surrounding linguistic environment, and it uses statistical modeling of natural speech to reveal the orderly heterogeneity beneath apparent randomness.