方法对比

	文化适应评定量表	集体主义-个人主义量表
领域	社会心理学	社会心理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1995	1994
提出者	Imelda Cuéllar, Bill Arnold, and Roberto Maldonado	Theodore M. Singelis and Hazel R. Markus
类型	Self-report Likert scale	Self-report Likert scale
开创性文献	Cuéllar, I., Arnold, B., & Maldonado, R. (1995). Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II: A revision of the original ARSMA Scale. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 26(3), 307–319.	Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580–591.
别名	ARSMA, Acculturation Rating Scale	C-I Scale
相关	4	4
摘要	The Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans (ARSMA) is a self-report measure designed to assess the degree to which Mexican American and Mexican immigrant individuals adopt or maintain cultural practices, values, and identity. Originally developed by Cuéllar, Harris, and Jasso in 1980 and revised as ARSMA-II in 1995, it measures bi-dimensional acculturation—the extent of both Mexican and American cultural orientation. The scale has been adapted for use with other immigrant and ethnic minority groups.	The Collectivism-Individualism Scale is a self-report measure designed to assess individual differences in independent versus interdependent self-construal and cultural orientation toward individualism and collectivism. Developed by Singelis (1994) and refined through subsequent research by Triandis and colleagues, the scale operationalizes self-concept dimensions as independent (autonomous, unique) or interdependent (connected, embedded in relationships). It has become a fundamental tool for cross-cultural psychology research.