So sánh phương pháp

	Bài kiểm tra mức độ lo lắng khi viết	Bảng kiểm lo âu khi làm bài kiểm tra
Lĩnh vực	Tâm lý học giáo dục	Tâm lý học giáo dục
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1975	1980
Người khởi xướng	Daly, J.A.; Miller, M.D.	Spielberger, C. D.
Loại	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Công trình gốc	Daly, J. A., & Miller, M. D. (1975). The empirical development of an instrument to measure writing apprehension. Research in the Teaching of English, 9(3), 242–249.	Spielberger, C. D. (1980). Test Anxiety Inventory: Preliminary professional manual. Consulting Psychologists Press.
Tên gọi khác	WAT	TAI
Liên quan	5	5
Tóm tắt	The Writing Apprehension Test measures the degree of anxiety and negative affect experienced in writing situations. Developed by Daly and Miller in 1975, the WAT identifies students with writing anxiety—a prevalent barrier to academic success, particularly in college coursework where writing is extensive. Writing apprehension leads to avoidance of writing tasks, procrastination, and reduced writing quality independent of actual writing ability. Early identification and targeted support can significantly improve both writing confidence and academic outcomes.	The Test Anxiety Inventory measures the situational anxiety experienced during examinations, distinguishing between cognitive worry and physiological emotionality. Developed by Spielberger in 1980, the TAI provides educators and clinicians with a validated assessment of test-specific anxiety—a prevalent barrier to academic success that affects performance disproportionately to ability. Early identification and targeted intervention can substantially improve both well-being and exam performance.