So sánh phương pháp

	Phân rã Chế độ Biến thiên (VMD)	Phân rã Chế độ Thực nghiệm (EMD)
Lĩnh vực	Xử lý tín hiệu	Xử lý tín hiệu
Họ	Machine learning	Machine learning
Năm ra đời	2014	1998
Người khởi xướng	Konstantin Dragomiretskiy & Dominique Zosso	Norden Huang et al.
Loại	Adaptive variational signal decomposition algorithm	Adaptive data-driven decomposition algorithm
Công trình gốc	Dragomiretskiy, K., & Zosso, D. (2014). Variational mode decomposition. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 62(3), 531–544.	Huang, N. E., et al. (1998). The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 454(1971), 903–995.
Tên gọi khác	VMD, Adaptive Signal Decomposition, Variational Signal Decomposition, Varyasyonel Mod Ayrıştırma	EMD, Intrinsic Mode Decomposition, Adaptive Signal Decomposition, Ampirik Mod Ayrıştırma
Liên quan	2	3
Tóm tắt	Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) is a fully adaptive, non-recursive signal decomposition method introduced by Konstantin Dragomiretskiy and Dominique Zosso in 2014. It decomposes a real-valued input signal into a discrete number of sub-signals, called intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), each with a specific sparsity in the frequency domain. Unlike Empirical Mode Decomposition, VMD frames decomposition as a variational optimization problem solved via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), yielding robust and physically meaningful components.	Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is a fully data-driven, adaptive method for decomposing nonlinear and non-stationary time series into a finite set of oscillatory components called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs), plus a monotonic residue. Introduced by Norden E. Huang and colleagues at NASA in 1998, EMD requires no predefined basis functions and derives all components directly from the signal itself, making it fundamentally different from Fourier or wavelet transforms.