So sánh phương pháp

	Bảng câu hỏi về các giai đoạn thay đổi	Thang đo Mô hình Niềm tin Sức khỏe
Lĩnh vực	Hành vi sức khỏe	Hành vi sức khỏe
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1983	1966
Người khởi xướng	James O. Prochaska and Carlo C. DiClemente	Marshall H. Rosenstock
Loại	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Công trình gốc	Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(3), 390-395.	Rosenstock, I. M. (1966). Why people use health services. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(3), 94-127.
Tên gọi khác	Stages of Change Scale, TTM Scale	HBM Scale, HBM-Q
Liên quan	3	3
Tóm tắt	The Transtheoretical Model (TTM), also called the Stages of Change model, is a framework developed by James Prochaska and Carlo DiClemente in 1983 to understand how people modify problematic behaviors and adopt healthier ones. The central premise is that behavior change is not an all-or-nothing event but a process that unfolds over time through distinct, recognizable stages: Precontemplation (not considering change), Contemplation (thinking about change), Preparation (planning to change), Action (actively modifying behavior), and Maintenance (sustaining change). The Stages of Change questionnaire assesses which stage an individual occupies, enabling clinicians and researchers to match interventions to readiness level. This framework is widely applied in smoking cessation, substance abuse treatment, diet change, exercise adoption, and mental health treatment.	The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a foundational psychological framework developed by Marshall Rosenstock in 1966 to predict and explain preventive health behavior. Based on the central premise that people take health action to avoid illness when they perceive susceptibility to a health threat and believe that taking action will reduce that threat at an acceptable cost, the HBM measures four core constructs: Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, and Perceived Barriers. The model also incorporates 'Cues to Action' (external triggers) and 'Self-Efficacy' (added later). HBM is extensively used in research on disease prevention, health screening uptake, medication adherence, and vaccine acceptance.