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| Biểu đồ kiểm soát biến Shewhart (X-bar / R)× | Biểu đồ kiểm soát tổng lũy tích (CUSUM)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Thống kê | Thống kê |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1931 | 1954 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Walter A. Shewhart | E. S. Page |
| Loại≠ | Statistical process control chart for variables | Statistical process control chart for small shifts |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. D. Van Nostrand Company. ISBN: 978-0-87389-076-2 | Page, E. S. (1954). Continuous inspection schemes. Biometrika, 41(1/2), 100–115. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác≠ | X-bar and R chart, Shewhart chart, variables control chart, process control chart | cumulative sum chart, CUSUM control chart, Page's CUSUM, kümülatif toplam kontrol kartı |
| Liên quan | 4 | 4 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The Shewhart control chart, invented by Walter Shewhart at Bell Labs in the 1920s and set out in his 1931 book, is the foundational tool of statistical process control. It plots a process statistic — typically the subgroup mean (X-bar) and range (R) — over time against a center line and three-sigma control limits, distinguishing the natural common-cause variation inherent in a stable process from special-cause variation that signals something has changed and warrants investigation. | The cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart, introduced by E. S. Page in 1954, monitors a process by accumulating the deviations of observations from a target value rather than judging each point in isolation. Because small persistent shifts add up over time, the running sum makes them visible far sooner than a Shewhart chart, making CUSUM the tool of choice for detecting small, sustained changes in the process mean. |
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