So sánh phương pháp

	Phân tích nguyên nhân gốc rễ	Phân tích cây lỗi (FTA)
Lĩnh vực	Quản lý chất lượng	Độ tin cậy
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1986	1981
Người khởi xướng	Kaoru Ishikawa	Vesely et al. (US NRC Fault Tree Handbook)
Loại	Structured causal-inference tool	Deductive top-down failure analysis
Công trình gốc	Ishikawa, K. (1986). Guide to Quality Control (2nd ed.). Asian Productivity Organization. ISBN: 978-92-833-1036-7	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook (NUREG-0492). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Tên gọi khác	Cause-and-Effect Analysis, Fishbone Analysis, Ishikawa Diagram, Kök Neden Analizi	FTA, Fault Tree Method, Top-Down Reliability Analysis, Hata Ağacı Analizi
Liên quan	3	3
Tóm tắt	Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a structured, systematic method for identifying the fundamental causes of defects, failures, or undesirable outcomes rather than treating surface-level symptoms. Popularised by Japanese quality engineer Kaoru Ishikawa in the 1960s–1980s, and formally codified in his 1986 Guide to Quality Control, RCA combines the Ishikawa (fishbone) diagram with the iterative 5 Whys questioning technique to trace causal chains back to their origin.	Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down, deductive reliability method that begins with an undesired top-level failure event and systematically traces backward through chains of contributing causes using Boolean logic gates (AND, OR). First formalized by Watson at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1961 and later standardized by Vesely, Goldberg, Roberts, and Haasl in the landmark 1981 NRC Fault Tree Handbook, FTA has become a cornerstone of quantitative risk assessment in nuclear, aerospace, and industrial safety engineering.