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| Độ tin cậy kiểm tra lại mạnh mẽ× | Phân tích nhân tố khẳng định (Confirmatory Factor Analysis - CFA)× | Phân tích Cronbach's Alpha (Độ tin cậy)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực≠ | Trắc lượng tâm lý | Trắc lượng tâm lý | Thống kê |
| Họ | Latent structure | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1990s–2000s | 1969 | 1951 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Built on classical test-retest reliability (Pearson, early 1900s); robust extensions formalized by Wilcox and colleagues from the 1990s onward | Karl Gustav Jöreskog | Lee J. Cronbach |
| Loại≠ | Reliability / measurement stability | Hypothesis-testing latent variable model | Reliability / internal consistency coefficient |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Wilcox, R. R. (2012). Introduction to Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing (3rd ed.). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0123869838 | Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202. DOI ↗ | Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | robust temporal stability, outlier-resistant retest reliability, robust repeatability coefficient, robust intraclass correlation | CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis | coefficient alpha, alpha reliability, internal consistency reliability, Güvenilirlik Analizi (Cronbach Alpha) |
| Liên quan≠ | 3 | 4 | 4 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | Robust test-retest reliability quantifies how consistently a measure ranks or scores the same individuals across two occasions while protecting the estimate from distortion by outliers and non-normal score distributions. It replaces or supplements classical Pearson-based correlation and standard ICC formulas with robust estimators of location, scale, and association. | Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing. | Cronbach's alpha is a coefficient of internal consistency that quantifies the degree to which a set of items on a scale measures the same underlying construct. Introduced by Lee J. Cronbach in 1951, it remains the most widely reported reliability index in social-science, health, and educational research. |
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