So sánh phương pháp

	Phân tích Chế độ Hỏng và Ảnh hưởng dựa trên Rủi ro (RBFMEA)	Kiểm soát quá trình bằng thống kê
Lĩnh vực	Thiết kế thí nghiệm	Thiết kế thí nghiệm
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1949 (FMEA origins); risk-prioritised RPN framework circa 1977–1980s (AIAG automotive)	1924–1931
Người khởi xướng	U.S. Department of Defense / MIL-STD-1629A; formalised in IEC 60812	Walter A. Shewhart
Loại	Quantitative risk-prioritisation technique	Process monitoring and quality control method
Công trình gốc	International Electrotechnical Commission. (2018). IEC 60812:2018 — Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA and FMECA). IEC.	Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. ISBN: 978-0873890762
Tên gọi khác	RBFMEA, Risk-based FMEA, Risk-prioritised FMEA, Quantitative FMEA	SPC, statistical quality control, process control charting, Shewhart control
Liên quan	6	6
Tóm tắt	Risk-based failure mode and effects analysis (RBFMEA) is a structured engineering technique that identifies every way a system or process can fail, assesses the risk of each failure mode using a numerical Risk Priority Number (RPN = Occurrence × Severity × Detectability), and prioritises corrective actions accordingly. Rooted in MIL-STD-1629A and standardised in IEC 60812:2018, it is the dominant proactive reliability and safety tool in aerospace, automotive, pharmaceutical, and manufacturing industries.	Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a data-driven quality method that uses statistical techniques — primarily control charts — to monitor a manufacturing or service process over time. By distinguishing natural process variation (common cause) from unusual, actionable variation (special cause), SPC enables practitioners to maintain processes in a stable, predictable state and to detect problems early, before defective output reaches customers.