So sánh phương pháp

	Hình ảnh phong phú	SODA – Phát triển và Phân tích Lựa chọn Chiến lược qua Lập bản đồ Nhận thức	Phương pháp Lựa chọn Chiến lược
Lĩnh vực	Cấu trúc hóa vấn đề	Cấu trúc hóa vấn đề	Cấu trúc hóa vấn đề
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1981	1988	2005
Người khởi xướng	Peter Checkland	Colin Eden	John Friend & Allen Hickling
Loại	Diagrammatic problem-structuring tool	Qualitative / participatory	Iterative group-based problem structuring and decision process
Công trình gốc	Checkland, P. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-27911-2	Eden, C. (1988). Cognitive mapping. European Journal of Operational Research, 36(1), 1–13.	Friend, J., & Hickling, A. (2005). Planning Under Pressure: The Strategic Choice Approach (3rd ed.). Elsevier. ISBN: 978-0-7506-6373-2
Tên gọi khác	Rich Picture Diagram, Soft Systems Picture, Situation Summary Diagram, Zengin Resim	Cognitive Mapping, Strategic Options Development and Analysis, SODA Method, Bilişsel Haritalama	SCA, Planning Under Pressure, Stratejik Seçim Yaklaşımı, Interactive Strategic Planning
Liên quan	3	3	2
Tóm tắt	A Rich Picture is a free-form, annotated drawing used in the early exploratory stage of Soft Systems Methodology to represent the full complexity of a problematic situation. Developed by Peter Checkland at Lancaster University, it captures people, roles, concerns, processes, conflicts, and environmental factors in a single visual canvas. It is used primarily by systems analysts, organizational consultants, and action researchers who need to surface multiple stakeholder perspectives before imposing any formal structure on a messy, ill-defined problem.	Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA) is a facilitated, qualitative method for structuring complex organisational problems. Developed by Colin Eden in 1988, it uses cognitive maps — directed graphs of causal constructs — to capture and integrate the subjective views of multiple stakeholders. SODA is most valuable when decision makers face ill-defined, wicked problems where shared understanding must be built before any quantitative analysis can begin.	The Strategic Choice Approach (SCA) is an interactive, workshop-based problem structuring method developed by John Friend and Allen Hickling, first published in 1987 and refined in the definitive third edition of Planning Under Pressure (2005). SCA helps groups of planners and stakeholders manage interconnected decisions under uncertainty by explicitly mapping decision areas, option combinations, and sources of uncertainty before committing to action.