So sánh phương pháp

	Bản đồ định vị gen ảnh hưởng đến các đặc điểm định lượng	Điểm rủi ro đa gen
Lĩnh vực	Di truyền học	Di truyền học
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1989	2007
Người khởi xướng	Eric Lander & David Botstein	Shaun Purcell & Nicholas Wray
Loại	Genetic linkage method	Predictive genomic method
Công trình gốc	Lander, E. S., & Botstein, D. (1989). Mapping Mendelian traits using RFLP linkage maps. Genetics, 121(1), 185–199.	Purcell, S. M., Wray, N. R., Stone, J. L., Visscher, P. M., O'Donovan, M. C., Sullivan, P. F., & Sklar, P. (2007). Common polygenic variation contributes to risk of schizophrenia. Nature, 460(7256), 748–752.
Tên gọi khác	QTL analysis, Linkage mapping, Trait locus mapping	PRS, Polygenic score, Genomic risk score
Liên quan	4	4
Tóm tắt	Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping is a genetic method that localizes chromosomal regions influencing quantitative traits—continuous phenotypes controlled by multiple genes and environmental factors. Developed by Lander and Botstein in 1989, QTL mapping uses linkage analysis and trait variation in segregating populations (such as F2 crosses or recombinant inbred lines) to identify genomic intervals containing loci that substantially affect trait values. This foundational approach has been extended to genome-wide association and is essential for understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits.	A polygenic risk score (PRS) is a summary measure that aggregates the effects of many genetic variants across the genome to predict an individual's genetic predisposition to disease or other complex traits. Developed initially by Purcell and colleagues in 2007, PRS methods combine genome-wide association study (GWAS) results with an individual's genotype to generate a personalized risk estimate. PRS approaches have transformed precision medicine by enabling risk stratification and early intervention in populations at high genetic risk.