So sánh phương pháp

	Thiết kế thực nghiệm đo lường trước và sau can thiệp	Phương pháp Sai phân kép (Difference-in-Differences - DiD)
Lĩnh vực	Thiết kế thí nghiệm	Kinh tế lượng
Họ	Process / pipeline	Regression model
Năm ra đời	1963 (formalized in Campbell & Stanley)	1994
Người khởi xướng	Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley	Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment)
Loại	Experimental / quasi-experimental research design	Causal inference / panel regression
Công trình gốc	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355
Tên gọi khác	pretest-posttest design, before-after design, pre-post design, two-wave experimental design	diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff)
Liên quan	5	5
Tóm tắt	The pretest-posttest experimental design measures participants on the outcome variable before and after treatment, typically with random assignment to treatment and control groups. The difference between pre- and post-scores isolates the treatment effect from baseline variation, making this one of the most widely used frameworks in experimental and quasi-experimental research across education, psychology, medicine, and the social sciences.	Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes.