So sánh phương pháp

	Thí nghiệm tự nhiên thí điểm	Phương pháp Sai phân kép (Difference-in-Differences - DiD)
Lĩnh vực	Thiết kế thí nghiệm	Kinh tế lượng
Họ	Process / pipeline	Regression model
Năm ra đời	2000s–2010s (as formalized practice)	1994
Người khởi xướng	Combination of natural experiment tradition (Dunning, Angrist, Pischke) and pilot study methodology	Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment)
Loại	Quasi-experimental feasibility design	Causal inference / panel regression
Công trình gốc	Dunning, T. (2012). Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences: A Design-Based Approach. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9781107017412	Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355
Tên gọi khác	feasibility natural experiment, preliminary natural experiment, pilot quasi-experiment, exploratory natural experiment	diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff)
Liên quan	4	5
Tóm tắt	A pilot natural experiment is a small-scale preliminary study that exploits an existing exogenous event or policy variation to test whether a full natural experiment is viable. It preserves the core logic of natural experiments — using real-world discontinuities to approximate causal inference — while explicitly scoping the work to assess data availability, group comparability, effect detectability, and procedural feasibility before committing resources to a larger study.	Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes.