So sánh phương pháp

	Tính hợp lệ phân biệt thứ bậc	Phân tích nhân tố xác nhận thứ bậc
Lĩnh vực	Trắc lượng tâm lý	Trắc lượng tâm lý
Họ	Latent structure	Latent structure
Năm ra đời	1959 (concept); 2000s–2010s (ordinal adaptations)	1984
Người khởi xướng	Campbell & Fiske (discriminant validity concept); adapted for ordinal data by subsequent psychometricians	Bengt O. Muthén
Loại	Validity assessment	Latent variable / structural
Công trình gốc	Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56(2), 81–105.	Flora, D. B. & Curran, P. J. (2004). An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data. Psychological Methods, 9(4), 466–491.
Tên gọi khác	discriminant validity for ordinal data, polychoric discriminant validity, ordinal HTMT, ordinal AVE-based discriminant validity	CFA for ordinal data, polychoric CFA, WLSMV CFA, categorical CFA
Liên quan	6	5
Tóm tắt	Ordinal discriminant validity assesses whether a latent construct measured by ordinal (Likert-type) items is empirically distinct from other constructs in the same instrument. It applies polychoric correlations and ordinal-appropriate factor loadings to standard discriminant validity criteria such as the Fornell-Larcker rule and the Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio (HTMT), ensuring that validity conclusions are not distorted by the non-continuous nature of ordered-response data.	Ordinal confirmatory factor analysis (Ordinal CFA) tests a pre-specified factor structure when the observed indicators are ordinal — typically Likert-type survey items. By using polychoric correlations and robust estimators such as WLSMV, it avoids the bias that arises from treating categorical responses as continuous.