So sánh phương pháp

	Thuyết Quá trình Chuẩn hóa (NPT)	Thang đo Thái độ Thực hành Dựa trên Bằng chứng (EBPAS-36)
Lĩnh vực	Khoa học triển khai	Khoa học triển khai
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2009	2005
Người khởi xướng	Carl R. May, PhD; Elena Murray, PhD; and colleagues at University of Sydney and UCL	Gregory A. Aarons, PhD
Loại	Theoretical framework with qualitative and mixed-methods assessment	Self-report questionnaire
Công trình gốc	Murray, E., Treweek, S., Pope, C., MacFarlane, A., Ballini, L., Dowrick, C., ... & May, C. R. (2010). Normalizing adoption of new health care innovations: A systematic review of empirical studies. American Journal of Health Promotion, 24(4), e5–e15.	Aarons, G. A. (2011). Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale-50 (EBPAS-50) and EBPAS-36 short form: Psychometric properties. Implementation Science, 6(1), 89.
Tên gọi khác	NPT, Normalization Process Theory, NPT Framework, Normalisation Process Theory	EBPAS, EBPAS-36, Evidence-Based Practice Attitude
Liên quan	5	5
Tóm tắt	Normalization Process Theory (NPT) is a framework developed by May, Murray, and colleagues (2009) to explain how new practices, technologies, and innovations become embedded and sustained in everyday organizational and clinical work. Rather than viewing implementation as a one-time adoption event, NPT conceptualizes implementation as a process of normalization—the gradual transition from 'new and unusual' to 'normal, routine work integrated into standard processes.' NPT identifies four normalization mechanisms: Coherence (shared understanding of the intervention's purpose and value), Cognitive Participation (staff engagement and involvement in learning and using the intervention), Collective Action (the work required to implement, including workflow changes and resource allocation), and Reflexive Monitoring (ongoing reflection on impacts, benefits, and needed adaptations). NPT has become influential in implementation science research, particularly in health technology implementation and complex intervention studies, and provides a theoretical lens for understanding why some innovations become normalized while others are abandoned.	The EBPAS-36 is a 36-item self-report questionnaire that assesses clinicians' and organizational leaders' attitudes toward adopting and implementing evidence-based practices (EBP). Developed by Aarons in 2005 and refined through multiple validation studies, it measures four core dimensions: perceived requirements to adopt EBP, the appeal and usefulness of EBP to individual practice, organizational openness to innovation, and perceived divergence between current practice and EBP requirements. The EBPAS is widely used in healthcare, mental health, child welfare, and substance abuse treatment settings to predict adoption readiness and guide implementation planning.