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| Lý thuyết phản ứng mục tiêu đa nhóm (MG-IRT)× | Phân tích nhân tố khẳng định (Confirmatory Factor Analysis - CFA)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Trắc lượng tâm lý | Trắc lượng tâm lý |
| Họ | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1990s | 1969 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Multiple contributors; formalized by Birnbaum (1968) for IRT; multi-group extensions developed through 1980s–1990s | Karl Gustav Jöreskog |
| Loại≠ | Latent trait / measurement invariance | Hypothesis-testing latent variable model |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Embretson, S. E. & Reise, S. P. (2000). Item Response Theory for Psychologists. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805828191 | Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | MG-IRT, multiple-group IRT, multi-group latent trait model, IRT across groups | CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis |
| Liên quan≠ | 6 | 4 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | Multi-group item response theory fits IRT models simultaneously across two or more defined groups — such as males and females, or different cultural samples — to determine whether item parameters are invariant across those groups. It is the primary IRT-based framework for testing measurement equivalence and detecting differential item functioning (DIF) at the model level. | Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing. |
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