So sánh phương pháp

	Mô hình hiệu ứng hỗn hợp	Phân tích phương sai một yếu tố	Phân tích phương sai đo lặp (Repeated-measures ANOVA)	Mô hình phương trình cấu trúc (SEM)
Lĩnh vực	Thống kê	Thống kê	Thống kê	Thống kê
Họ	Regression model	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test	Latent structure
Năm ra đời	1982	1925	1992	1970
Người khởi xướng	Laird & Ware	Ronald A. Fisher	Girden (textbook treatment); Field (2013)	Karl Jöreskog (LISREL framework, 1970s)
Loại	Mixed effects regression	Parametric mean comparison	Parametric within-subjects mean comparison	Latent variable / causal modeling
Công trình gốc	Laird, N. M., & Ware, J. H. (1982). Random-effects models for longitudinal data. Biometrics, 38(4), 963–974.	Fisher, R. A. (1925). Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.	Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (4th ed., Ch. 14). SAGE. ISBN: 978-1446249185	Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1473756540
Tên gọi khác	LME, LMM, mixed model, random effects model	one-factor ANOVA, single-factor ANOVA, analysis of variance, tek yönlü ANOVA	within-subjects ANOVA, repeated measures analysis of variance, rm-ANOVA, Tekrarlı Ölçüm ANOVA	Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (SEM), structural equation modelling, covariance structure analysis, latent variable modeling
Liên quan	4	4	4	5
Tóm tắt	A mixed effects model (or linear mixed model) extends ordinary regression by including both fixed effects — population-level parameters shared by all observations — and random effects that capture subject-, group-, or cluster-level variability. It is the standard tool for repeated-measures, longitudinal, and multilevel data where observations within the same unit are correlated.	One-way ANOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of three or more independent groups on a single continuous outcome to decide whether at least one group mean differs. It rests on the variance-partitioning framework introduced by Ronald A. Fisher in 1925.	Repeated-measures ANOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that compares three or more measurements taken from the same individuals — typically across time points or conditions — to decide whether their means differ. It extends one-way ANOVA to within-subjects designs, as treated in standard references such as Girden (1992) and Field (2013).	Structural equation modeling is a multivariate statistical framework that simultaneously estimates a measurement model — relating observed indicators to latent constructs — and a structural model specifying directional or reciprocal relationships among those constructs. Rooted in the LISREL tradition developed by Karl Jöreskog in the 1970s, SEM is the standard tool for testing complex theoretical models in the social, behavioural, and management sciences.