So sánh phương pháp

	Học đo lường (Metric Learning)	Mạng nơ-ron Siamese
Lĩnh vực	Học máy	Học sâu
Họ	Machine learning	Machine learning
Năm ra đời	2003 (foundational); refined 2009 (LMNN)	1993
Người khởi xướng	Xing, E. P.; Jordan, M. I.; Russell, S.; Ng, A. Y.	Jane Bromley & Yann LeCun et al.; popularized by Koch et al.
Loại	Representation learning / supervised distance optimization	Deep metric-learning architecture
Công trình gốc	Xing, E. P., Jordan, M. I., Russell, S., & Ng, A. Y. (2003). Distance metric learning with application to clustering with side-information. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), 16, 505–512.	Bromley, J., Guyon, I., LeCun, Y., Säckinger, E., & Shah, R. (1993). Signature verification using a 'Siamese' time delay neural network. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 6.
Tên gọi khác	Distance Metric Learning, Similarity Learning, DML, Representation Learning via Distance	twin network, Siamese neural network, contrastive metric network, Siyam ağı
Liên quan	5	1
Tóm tắt	Metric learning is a machine-learning framework that trains a distance or similarity function from data so that semantically similar examples end up close together in the learned space while dissimilar examples are pushed apart. Unlike fixed distances such as Euclidean, the learned metric adapts to the structure of the task, making downstream classifiers, clusterers, and retrieval systems significantly more accurate.	A Siamese network is a deep architecture with two (or more) identical, weight-sharing branches that map inputs into an embedding space where similar inputs land close together and dissimilar ones far apart. Introduced by Bromley, LeCun, and colleagues in 1993 for signature verification and revived by Koch et al. (2015) for one-shot image recognition, it learns a similarity metric rather than fixed class labels, making it ideal for verification, matching, and few-shot tasks.