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| Phân tích đường đi chi phí tối thiểu / khoảng cách chi phí× | Lập trình tuyến tính× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực≠ | Phân tích không gian | Tối ưu hóa |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1994 | 1947 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Edsger Dijkstra (shortest path); GIS cost-surface adaptation | George B. Dantzig |
| Loại≠ | Raster cost-surface routing | Mathematical programming / continuous optimization |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik, 1(1), 269–271. DOI ↗ | Dantzig, G.B. (1963). Linear Programming and Extensions. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691059136 |
| Tên gọi khác≠ | cost-distance analysis, accumulated cost surface, least-cost corridor, en düşük maliyetli yol | LP, linear optimization, Doğrusal Programlama (LP) |
| Liên quan≠ | 3 | 4 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | Least-cost path analysis finds the route between two locations that minimizes accumulated travel cost across a landscape, rather than minimizing straight-line distance. By encoding terrain, slope, land cover, and other frictions into a cost surface and accumulating cost outward from a source, it identifies optimal corridors for roads, pipelines, trails, power lines, and wildlife movement — a core raster-GIS technique built on Dijkstra's shortest-path logic. | Linear programming (LP), pioneered by George B. Dantzig in 1947, is a mathematical method for finding the best value of a linear objective function — such as minimum cost or maximum profit — subject to a set of linear inequality and equality constraints. It is the foundational technique in operations research and underlies production planning, resource allocation, logistics, diet problems, and countless other decision-making scenarios across engineering, economics, and the natural sciences. |
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