So sánh phương pháp

	Dân tộc học thể chế	Phân tích diễn ngôn	Dân tộc học	Lý thuyết Nền tảng
Lĩnh vực	Định tính	Nghiên cứu định tính	Định tính	Nghiên cứu định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1970s–1987 (developed through the 1970s–80s; consolidated in Smith 1987, 2005)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)	1967
Người khởi xướng	Dorothy E. Smith	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
Loại	Qualitative research method	Method	Qualitative fieldwork tradition	Method
Công trình gốc	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
Tên gọi khác	IE, sociology for people, institutional ethnographic inquiry, Smith's institutional ethnography	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
Liên quan	6	2	5	3
Tóm tắt	Institutional Ethnography (IE) is a qualitative research method developed by Canadian sociologist Dorothy E. Smith that investigates how people's everyday lives are shaped and coordinated by institutional texts, rules, and relations of power. Starting from the lived experience of individuals in a particular standpoint, IE traces the social organization that governs their work and troubles — revealing how macro-level institutions operate through the micro-level activities of real people.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.