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| Mô hình Đáp ứng theo Bậc (Graded Response Model - GRM)× | Mô hình Rasch× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Trắc lượng tâm lý | Trắc lượng tâm lý |
| Họ | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1969 | 1960 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Fumiko Samejima | Georg Rasch |
| Loại≠ | Item response theory / polytomous IRT model | Item Response Theory / Latent trait model |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Samejima, F. (1969). Estimation of Latent Ability Using a Response Pattern of Graded Scores. Psychometrika Monograph Supplement, No. 17. link ↗ | Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. Danish Institute for Educational Research, Copenhagen. link ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác≠ | Samejima's GRM, Derecelendirilmiş Tepki Modeli (GRM), graded IRT model | 1PL IRT, one-parameter logistic model, Rasch Modeli — 1PL IRT, 1PL model |
| Liên quan≠ | 7 | 6 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The Graded Response Model is an item response theory model developed by Fumiko Samejima in 1969 for ordered polytomous items such as Likert-type scales. It estimates both the discriminating power of each item and a set of threshold parameters marking the boundaries between adjacent response categories, while simultaneously placing persons on a continuous latent trait scale. | The Rasch model, introduced by Georg Rasch in 1960, is the simplest member of the Item Response Theory (IRT) family. It assigns a single difficulty parameter to each test item and places both item difficulties and person abilities on the same logit scale, enabling direct, sample-independent comparison of items and persons. |
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