So sánh phương pháp

	Thuật toán di truyền	Thuật toán Harmony Search	Annealing mô phỏng	Tìm kiếm Cấm kỵ
Lĩnh vực	Tối ưu hóa	Tối ưu hóa	Tối ưu hóa	Tối ưu hóa
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1975	2001	1983	1989
Người khởi xướng	John Henry Holland	Zong Woo Geem, Joong Hoon Kim, G. V. Loganathan	—	Fred Glover
Loại	Population-based metaheuristic	Metaheuristic population-based optimization	Probabilistic metaheuristic / local search	Local-search metaheuristic
Công trình gốc	Holland, J.H. (1975). Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems. University of Michigan Press.	Geem, Z. W., Kim, J. H., & Loganathan, G. V. (2001). A New Heuristic Optimization Algorithm: Harmony Search. Simulation, 76(2), 60–68.	Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C.D. & Vecchi, M.P. (1983). Optimization by Simulated Annealing. Science, 220(4598), 671-680.	Glover, F. (1989). Tabu Search — Part I. ORSA Journal on Computing, 1(3), 190–206.
Tên gọi khác	GA, evolutionary algorithm, Genetik Algoritma — Evrimsel Optimizasyon	HS algorithm, Harmoni Araması (Harmony Search), music-inspired optimization	Benzetimli Tavlama (Simulated Annealing), SA, probabilistic local search	Tabu Araması (Tabu Search), TS, tabu metaheuristic
Liên quan	5	5	5	4
Tóm tắt	A genetic algorithm (GA) is a population-based metaheuristic optimization method introduced by John Henry Holland (1975) that mimics the principles of natural selection. It maintains a population of candidate solutions and iteratively improves them through selection, crossover, and mutation operators, making it especially powerful on discontinuous, non-convex, and multi-modal search spaces where classical gradient-based methods fail.	Harmony Search (HS) is a population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm introduced by Geem, Kim, and Loganathan in 2001. It mimics the improvisation process of jazz musicians seeking a perfect state of harmony, using three operators — memory consideration, pitch adjustment, and random selection — to generate candidate solutions. The algorithm applies to both continuous and discrete variables and has found wide use in engineering design, water distribution network optimization, and combinatorial problems.	Simulated annealing is a probabilistic local-search metaheuristic introduced by Kirkpatrick, Gelatt, and Vecchi in 1983. It models the physical annealing process in metallurgy — where a material is heated and then slowly cooled to reach a low-energy crystalline state — and uses this analogy to escape local optima in combinatorial and continuous optimization problems.	Tabu Search is a local-search metaheuristic introduced by Fred Glover in 1989 that uses a tabu list — a short-term memory of recently visited solutions — to prevent cycling and escape local optima. By explicitly forbidding moves that reverse recent decisions, the algorithm explores the search space more broadly and, through long-term memory structures such as aspiration criteria, aims to approach the global optimum even in large, complex combinatorial problems.