So sánh phương pháp

	Ước lượng vững kép trong nghiên cứu giáo dục	Trọng số Xác suất Nghịch đảo của Điều trị (IPW / IPTW)
Lĩnh vực	Suy luận nhân quả	Suy luận nhân quả
Họ	Regression model	Regression model
Năm ra đời	1994-2005	2000
Người khởi xướng	Robins, Rotnitzky & Zhao (1994); Bang & Robins (2005)	Robins, Hernán & Brumback
Loại	Causal inference / semiparametric estimator	Causal inference weighting estimator
Công trình gốc	Bang, H., & Robins, J. M. (2005). Doubly Robust Estimation in Missing Data and Causal Inference Models. Biometrics, 61(4), 962-973.	Robins, J. M., Hernán, M. A., & Brumback, B. (2000). Marginal Structural Models and Causal Inference in Epidemiology. Epidemiology, 11(5), 550-560.
Tên gọi khác	DR estimator in education, AIPW in education, augmented IPW in education research, doubly robust causal estimation for educational outcomes	IPW, IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting, marginal structural model weighting
Liên quan	6	5
Tóm tắt	Doubly robust estimation (DR) is a semiparametric causal inference approach that combines an outcome regression model with a propensity score model. In education research, it is used to estimate the causal effect of educational programs, interventions, or policies on student outcomes when treatment assignment is non-random but observed covariates can account for selection bias. The estimator is consistent if either — not necessarily both — of the two component models is correctly specified.	Inverse Probability Weighting is a causal-inference method that assigns each observation a weight equal to the inverse of its probability of receiving the treatment it actually received. Introduced by Robins, Hernán and Brumback (2000) for marginal structural models, it builds a pseudo-population in which treatment is independent of measured confounders, balancing selection bias.