Порівняння методів

	Дослідження фокус-групи	Дослідження змішаними методами	Онлайн-опитування
Галузь	Якісні методи	Якісні методи	Методологія опитувань
Родина	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Рік появи	1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s	—	Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000)
Автор методу	Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger	—	Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks)
Тип	Qualitative data collection method	Research design framework	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique
Основоположне джерело	Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244	Creswell, J.W. & Plano Clark, V.L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.
Інші назви	focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması	Karma Yöntem Araştırması (Mixed Methods), multi-method research, triangulation design	web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing
Пов'язані	6	4	6
Підсумок	Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting.	Mixed methods research is a systematic research design in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analysed within a single study. Formalised by Creswell and Plano Clark (2003, 3rd ed. 2018), it offers three principal design variants — concurrent, sequential, and transformative — and strengthens findings through triangulation across both data strands.	An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today.