ScholarGate
สำรวจ
ห้องสมุดห้องสมุดของฉันโต๊ะตรวจสอบเบื้องต้นReview Studioผู้ช่วย
พื้นที่ทำงาน
เปรียบเทียบ
สร้างชั้นหนังสือของคุณ

บันทึกวิธีการ จัดระเบียบคอลเลกชัน และนำติดตัวไปที่โต๊ะของคุณ

สร้างบัญชี
ห้องสมุด / เรียกดู
เข้าสู่ระบบ
ห้องสมุด

สำรวจวิทยาศาสตร์ตามวิธีวิจัย สาขา และหลักฐาน

แคตตาล็อกวิธีวิจัยเพียงหนึ่งเดียว — เรียนรู้ว่าแต่ละวิธีทำงานอย่างไร ใช้เมื่อใด และทำอะไรไม่ได้

6,356 วิธีวิจัย11 สาขา7 ตระกูลวิธีวิจัย40 ภาษา
แอตลาสวิทยาศาสตร์ทำแผนที่โครงสร้างของวิทยาศาสตร์ก่อนนำไปใช้สาขา · วิธีวิจัย · เส้นทางหลักฐานสำรวจแผนที่
สาขาHealth & Medicine716Psychology570Business & Finance410Engineering330Life Sciences263Education261Research Practice248Natural Sciences
ScholarGate

ห้องสมุดอ้างอิงด้านวิธีวิจัยที่ยึดเนื้อหาเป็นหลัก — แต่ละวิธีคืออะไร ทำงานอย่างไร และมีที่มาจากไหน

ข้อมูลเปิด (CC-BY)

สำรวจ

  • ห้องสมุด
  • ค้นหาวิธี…
  • เรียกดูตามสาขา
  • สาขาวิชา
  • เส้นทาง
  • เปรียบเทียบ
  • ควรใช้วิธีใด?

ข้อมูลอ้างอิง

  • สาขาวิชา
  • แผนที่
  • อภิธานศัพท์
  • ระเบียบวิธี
  • ปรัชญา

พื้นที่ทำงาน

  • ห้องสมุดของฉัน
  • โต๊ะ
  • แชท

บริษัท

  • เกี่ยวกับ
  • ราคา
  • ติดต่อ
  • เสนอวิธีใหม่

รายการต่าง ๆ รวบรวมจากแหล่งข้อมูลที่ตีพิมพ์แล้วเพื่อใช้อ้างอิง การตรวจสอบความถูกต้องและความเหมาะสมของข้อมูลใด ๆ สำหรับการใช้งานของท่านเองยังคงเป็นความรับผิดชอบของท่าน

© 2026 ScholarGate · ห้องสมุดอ้างอิงด้านวิธีวิจัย
  • ความเป็นส่วนตัว
  • คุกกี้
  • ข้อกำหนด
  • ลบบัญชี
236
Social Sciences185
Environment & Sustainability160
Law30
วิธีวิจัยสถิติ1,836ปัญญาประดิษฐ์และการเรียนรู้ของเครื่อง1,661ศาสตร์การตัดสินใจ932วิธีวิจัย1,354การวัด1,745สาเหตุและหลักฐาน532แนวปฏิบัติการวิจัย118
236 วิธี ในสาขา Natural Sciencesล้าง
วิธีวิจัยจริงที่ตรงกับตัวกรองของคุณ
เรียงลำดับความนิยมA–ZZ–Aใหม่ล่าสุด
astronomy

Epoch of Reionization 21-cm

The 21-centimeter line observation of neutral hydrogen is a powerful technique for studying the Epoch of Reionization, when the first stars and galaxies ionized the intergalactic medium about 13 billion years ago. Proposed by Scott and Rees in 1990, this method probes the universe's transition from the dark ages to the

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1990
fluid dynamics

Eulerian-Lagrangian Model

The Eulerian-Lagrangian Model (ELM) is a framework for simulating multiphase flows by treating the continuous phase (liquid or gas) using Eulerian descriptions (fixed grid) and discrete dispersed phases (particles, droplets, bubbles) using Lagrangian tracking. Developed by Crowe and collaborators in 1977, this approach

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1977
thermodynamics

Exergoeconomic Analysis

Exergoeconomic analysis combines thermodynamics and economics by assigning monetary costs to exergy streams. It reveals how thermodynamic irreversibilities translate into economic losses within industrial systems. This approach enables engineers to identify the most economically significant inefficiencies and make info

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1993
thermodynamics

Exergoenvironmental Analysis

Exergoenvironmental analysis extends exergy-based methods to quantify and allocate environmental impacts of thermal systems. It assigns environmental costs to exergy streams based on upstream lifecycle impacts, revealing which components contribute most significantly to environmental burdens. This enables engineers to

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง2009
astronomy

Exoplanet Transmission Spectroscopy

Transmission spectroscopy is a technique for studying the atmospheres of exoplanets by analyzing the light passing through the planetary atmosphere during transit. Pioneered by David Charbonneau in 2002 with the detection of sodium in HD 209458b's atmosphere, this method has become the primary tool for characterizing e

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง2002
particle physics

Feynman Diagram

Feynman diagrams are graphical representations of particle interactions introduced by Richard Feynman in 1949. They provide an intuitive and systematic way to visualize and calculate amplitudes for quantum field theory processes, converting complex mathematical expressions into geometric pictures that reveal the underl

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1949
thermodynamics

Fick's Laws

Fick's Laws describe how species diffuse through media due to concentration gradients. The First Law (steady-state) relates diffusion flux to concentration gradient, while the Second Law (transient) describes how concentration changes over time. These laws are fundamental to mass transfer analysis, applying to gases, l

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1855
optics

Finite-Difference Time-Domain

The Finite-Difference Time-Domain method is a computational technique for solving Maxwell's equations by discretizing space and time on a grid. Introduced by Kane Yee in 1966, FDTD is a foundational approach in computational electrodynamics and optical simulation, enabling direct modeling of electromagnetic wave propag

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1966
thermodynamics

Finite-Time Thermodynamics

Finite-Time Thermodynamics (FTT) relaxes the classical assumption that thermodynamic processes occur reversibly (infinitely slowly). Instead, it analyzes real thermal systems operating at finite rates with irreversibilities. FTT reveals fundamental trade-offs: to complete a process quickly requires accepting large irre

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1996
analytical chemistry

Flow Injection Analysis

Flow injection analysis is an automated continuous-flow technique that rapidly injects a sample plug into a flowing stream of carrier solution, where it mixes with reagents and is detected online before reaching the detector. Developed by Jaromir Ruzicka and Elo Hansen in 1975, FIA revolutionized analytical chemistry b

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1975
optics

Fourier Optics

Fourier optics is a mathematical framework that analyzes optical systems and phenomena using Fourier transforms and frequency-domain methods. Grounded in Joseph Fourier's 1822 work on heat diffusion and Ernst Abbe's microscopy theory, this approach decomposes optical fields into plane waves or spatial frequencies, reve

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1822
chemistry

Functional Group Identification

Functional group identification is the systematic determination of chemical functional groups present in organic molecules using spectroscopic, chemical, and structural data. Developed throughout the 20th century alongside spectroscopy and analytical chemistry, this methodology enables rapid structure elucidation by fo

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง
acoustics

FxLMS Active Noise Control

The Filtered-x Least Mean Squares (FxLMS) algorithm is an adaptive filter used in active noise control (ANC) systems to reduce unwanted sound by generating anti-noise. Pioneered by Widrow and Stearns in 1975 and refined by Eriksson and colleagues, FxLMS is the most widely deployed algorithm in commercial noise-cancelin

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1975
particle physics

Geant4 Simulation

Geant4 is a Monte Carlo simulation toolkit for the passage of particles through matter, developed by an international collaboration. It provides a comprehensive framework for modeling detector geometries, simulating particle interactions, and predicting detector responses, making it essential for designing and optimizi

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง2003
geophysics

General Circulation Model

A General Circulation Model (GCM), also called a Global Climate Model, is a three-dimensional numerical representation of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, ice, and land surface that simulates physical processes governing weather and climate. Pioneered by Manabe and Wetherald in 1975, GCMs are the primary tools for under

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1975
geoscience

Geochronological Dating

Geochronological dating is the determination of absolute ages of rocks and minerals using the decay of radioactive isotopes. Pioneered by Rutherford and Soddy (1902), this method provides numerical anchors for geological timescales and enables quantitative understanding of geological processes. Modern techniques (K-Ar,

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1902
geoscience

Geologic Mapping

Geologic mapping is the systematic observation and documentation of rock types, structures, and relationships exposed on the land surface. Pioneered by William Smith in 1799, this foundational field method remains essential for understanding subsurface geology, economic geology, hazard assessment, and paleoenvironmenta

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1799
geoscience

Geomechanical Modeling

Geomechanical modeling is the numerical simulation of stress and deformation in rock masses, integrating rock properties, pressure conditions, and geometric constraints. Rooted in classical mechanics (Coulomb, Mohr) but modernized by finite element and finite difference methods, this approach is essential for well inte

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1900
geoscience

Geophysical Inversion

Geophysical inversion is the process of using observed geophysical data to estimate subsurface properties and structures. Formalized by Tikhonov (1963) and expanded by Tarantola (1987), this mathematical framework solves the inverse problem: given measurements (gravity, magnetics, seismic, electrical), what subsurface

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1963
oceanography

Geostrophic Velocity

Geostrophic velocity is the current driven by balance between the pressure gradient force and the Coriolis force, derived from the thermal wind equation. In most of the ocean away from the equator and coastal boundaries, geostrophic balance is an excellent approximation to the actual flow. Developed by Harald Sverdrup

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1942
meteorology

Geostrophic Wind

Geostrophic wind balance is a fundamental concept in meteorology that describes the balance between the pressure gradient force and the Coriolis force in large-scale atmospheric flow. When this balance is achieved, wind blows parallel to isobars without acceleration—a condition observed in the free atmosphere away from

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1857
astronomy

Gravitational Microlensing

Gravitational microlensing is an observational technique that exploits Einstein's prediction that massive objects bend light. When a star or planet passes in front of a distant star from our perspective, its gravity acts as a lens, magnifying and distorting the background star's light. First proposed by Bohdan Paczynsk

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1986
applied physics

Gravitational Wave Matched Filtering

Matched filtering is a signal processing technique used to detect gravitational waves by correlating detector data with theoretical waveform templates. When two massive objects (black holes, neutron stars) merge, they emit gravitational waves that pass through Earth, producing tiny distortions in laser interferometers

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1928
geophysics

Ground-Penetrating Radar

Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a near-surface geophysical method that uses high-frequency electromagnetic pulses (typically 10 MHz to 2.5 GHz) to image shallow subsurface structures with exceptional spatial resolution. Pioneered by Davis and Annan in 1989, GPR is widely used in archaeology, civil engineering, enviro

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1989
quantum computing

Grover's Algorithm

Grover's Algorithm is a quantum algorithm for searching an unsorted database, offering a quadratic speedup over classical linear search. Proposed by Lov Grover in 1996, it exploits quantum superposition and amplitude amplification to find a target item among N items in O(√N) queries, compared to the classical O(N) requ

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1996
astronomy

Halo Occupation Distribution

Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) modeling is a framework for relating observed galaxy clustering to the distribution of galaxies within dark matter halos. Developed by Jia Peacock and others around 2000, HOD provides a flexible, physically motivated approach to interpreting galaxy surveys and understanding how galaxi

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง2000
oceanography

Harmful Algal Bloom Monitoring

Harmful algal bloom (HAB) monitoring is an integrated approach combining satellite remote sensing, in situ observations, and predictive modeling to detect, track, and forecast toxic algal outbreaks in marine and freshwater systems. HAB monitoring has become essential for public health protection, as certain algal speci

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1995
quantum computing

Hartree-Fock Method

The Hartree-Fock (HF) method is a foundational self-consistent field approach for solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation. Developed independently by Douglas Hartree and Vladimir Fock in the late 1920s, it approximates the ground state by assuming electrons move in an average field generated by all other electro

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1928
applied physics

Head-Related Transfer Function

The Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF) describes how the human head, ears, and torso filter sound from different directions. HRTFs capture the acoustical changes that occur as sound travels around the head to reach each ear, enabling the perception of sound location in 3D space. Measured or modeled HRTFs are essenti

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1989
geophysics

HEC-RAS

HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System) is a hydraulic modeling software developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers that computes water surface elevation and velocity in open channels and floodplains, and depicts inundation extent and depth. Since its introduction in 1995, HEC-RAS has become the

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1995
particle physics

HEP Track Reconstruction

Track reconstruction is the process of identifying and measuring the trajectories of charged particles through a detector, providing momentum and impact parameter information essential for particle identification, vertex reconstruction, and physics analysis in high-energy physics experiments.

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1987
applied physics

Hohmann Transfer

The Hohmann transfer is a maneuver that transfers a spacecraft between two circular orbits using two impulsive burns (velocity changes). Introduced by German engineer Walter Hohmann in 1925, it is the most fuel-efficient method for coplanar orbital transfers when the transfer time is not severely constrained. The trans

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1925
geoscience

Hydrogeological Survey

Hydrogeological survey is the systematic characterization of groundwater systems, including aquifer geometry, water quality, flow paths, and recharge-discharge dynamics. Rooted in Darcy's law (1856) and quantified by Theis (1935), this method is essential for water resource management, contaminant remediation, and haza

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1856
oceanography

Hydrothermal Plume Mapping

Hydrothermal plume mapping is an integrated method for detecting, characterizing, and tracking buoyant plumes of hot, mineral-rich water discharged from submarine hydrothermal vents on the seafloor. Developed by Ed Baker and colleagues in the 1980s, hydrothermal plume mapping combines temperature, conductivity, optical

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1987
meteorology

HYSPLIT

HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model) is a widely used atmospheric transport and dispersion model developed by NOAA's Air Resources Laboratory. It computes air parcel trajectories and pollutant dispersion using Lagrangian tracking to simulate how contaminants and particles move through

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1997
acoustics

Impedance Tube

An impedance tube (or Kundt tube) is a laboratory apparatus for measuring the acoustic absorption coefficient and surface impedance of materials. Originally developed by August Kundt in 1866, the technique has been standardized by ASTM and ISO for characterizing noise-control and acoustic-treatment materials. The imped

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1866
applied physics

Independent Vector Analysis

Independent Vector Analysis (IVA) is a multivariate extension of Independent Component Analysis that jointly separates multiple datasets while maintaining dependencies within each dataset. Developed by Lee, Lewicki, and Sejnowski in the 2000s, IVA is used for blind source separation in multi-channel audio, brain imagin

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง2007
analytical chemistry

Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry

Inductively coupled plasma spectrometry is a powerful multi-element analytical technique that ionizes a sample in a high-temperature plasma and measures the emitted light (ICP-OES) or ion masses (ICP-MS) to determine elemental concentrations. Developed in the 1960s by Stanley Greenfield, ICP techniques have become the

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1964
chemistry

Infrared Spectroscopy Identification

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy measures the absorption of infrared radiation by chemical bonds, creating a spectrum unique to each compound. Discovered by William Herschel in 1800 and developed into a practical analytical tool in the mid-20th century, IR spectroscopy is indispensable for rapidly identifying functional grou

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1800
geophysics

InSAR

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a radar remote sensing technique that measures millimeter-scale ground surface deformation by analyzing the phase difference between radar images acquired from slightly different orbital positions. Pioneered by Gabriel, Goldstein, and Zebker in 1989, InSAR has become

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1989
optics

Interferogram Fringe Analysis

Interferogram fringe analysis is a computational methodology for extracting quantitative information from interference fringe patterns recorded in optical systems. Rooted in Thomas Young's 1801 double-slit experiment and formalized in 20th-century metrology, this approach interprets the spatial patterns of constructive

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1801
analytical chemistry

Ion Chromatography

Ion chromatography is a liquid chromatography method that separates ions and polar molecules based on their relative affinity for the ion exchange resin in the column. Developed by Hamish Small in 1975, it combines ion-exchange separation with conductivity detection, enabling rapid, sensitive, and simultaneous determin

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1975
geophysics

Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry

Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) is an analytical technique that measures the relative abundance of stable isotopes (H, C, N, O, S) and some radiogenic isotopes (e.g., ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) in samples with high precision. Standardized by Coplen and colleagues, IRMS enables paleoclimate reconstruction, source tracing (diet,

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1994
optics

Jones Calculus

Jones calculus is a mathematical formalism for analyzing the propagation and manipulation of polarized light using vectors and matrices. Developed by Robert Clark Jones in 1941, it represents the electric field of a coherent optical beam as a two-component complex vector (Jones vector) and optical elements as matrices

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1941
astronomy

Kinematic Distance

Kinematic distance is a method for estimating distances to objects in the Milky Way using their observed radial velocities and the known rotation curve of the Galaxy. Developed in the 1950s by Bert Westerhout and others, this technique enables distance determination to distant molecular clouds and masers without trigon

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1957
quantum computing

KKR Method

The Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) method is a powerful multiple-scattering approach for calculating electronic band structures and properties of periodic and disordered solids. Developed in the late 1940s, KKR treats electrons as scattering from atomic potentials in a muffin-tin geometry, enabling efficient calculations

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1947
meteorology

Kohler Theory

Köhler theory is a foundational framework in cloud microphysics that predicts the equilibrium supersaturation required for an aerosol particle of given size and composition to grow into a cloud droplet. Published in 1936 by Hilding Köhler, it combines the Kelvin effect (vapor pressure enhancement over curved surfaces)

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1936
fluid dynamics

Large Eddy Simulation

Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is a turbulence modeling technique that explicitly resolves large-scale turbulent eddies while modeling small-scale subgrid-scale (SGS) motions. Introduced by Joseph Smagorinsky in 1963, LES represents a middle ground between Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and Direct Numerical Simula

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1963
fluid dynamics

Lattice Boltzmann Method

The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is a kinetic theory-based computational approach to fluid dynamics that discretizes the Boltzmann equation on a lattice grid. Developed by McNamara and Zanetti in 1988, LBM computes fluid behavior by tracking the distribution of particle velocities at discrete lattice nodes rather tha

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1988
quantum computing

Lattice QCD

Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (LQCD) is a computational method for studying quantum chromodynamics (QCD)—the theory of strong nuclear forces—by discretizing spacetime onto a lattice and simulating quark and gluon dynamics. Introduced by Kenneth Wilson in 1974, LQCD is the only known approach for non-perturbative calcu

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1974
fluid dynamics

Level Set Method

The Level Set Method is an implicit interface tracking technique introduced by Osher and Sethian in 1988 for moving boundary problems and multiphase flows. Rather than explicitly tracking the interface, level sets represent it as the zero level set (contour) of a signed distance function φ. This approach elegantly hand

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1988
thermodynamics

Levelized Cost of Energy

Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) is a standardized metric that spreads the total lifecycle cost of an energy project over its lifetime energy output. It enables fair comparison of electricity generation technologies with different capital structures, operating costs, and lifetimes. LCOE is widely used for technology eva

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง2009
chemistry

Ligand Field Analysis

Ligand Field Theory (LFT) is an advanced model of metal-ligand bonding that combines crystal field theory with molecular orbital theory. Developed systematically by Brian Norman Figgis and others from the 1960s onward, LFT provides quantitative predictions of electronic structure, magnetism, spectra, and reactivity of

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1960
applied physics

Light Curve Analysis

Light curve analysis is the study of the brightness variation of a celestial object over time, used to detect and characterize exoplanets, eclipsing binaries, and variable stars. When a planet transits in front of its host star, the star's brightness dips slightly. By analyzing these photometric signatures, astronomers

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1880
meteorology

Lightning Jump

The lightning jump is a rapid increase in lightning activity (number of flashes per unit time) that precedes severe weather including hail, heavy rain, and tornadoes. This phenomenon, observed using satellite or ground-based lightning detection networks, is an operational diagnostic tool for real-time severe weather wa

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง2009
acoustics

Linear Predictive Coding

Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) is a powerful signal processing technique for modeling and compressing speech by assuming each speech sample can be predicted from a linear combination of previous samples. Pioneered by Burg and Makhoul in the 1970s, LPC is the foundation of speech codecs, speech synthesis, speaker recogn

3 แหล่งอ้างอิง1975
thermodynamics

Log Mean Temperature Difference

The Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) method is a fundamental tool for calculating heat transfer rates in heat exchangers. It defines the effective temperature difference between two fluids as the logarithmic average of the temperature differences at the inlet and outlet. This method enables engineers to size and

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1950
thermodynamics

Lumped Capacitance Method

The Lumped Capacitance Method is a simplification technique for solving unsteady-state heat transfer problems. It assumes that thermal properties are uniform throughout a solid body and that temperature variations within the object are negligible. This approach enables engineers to solve complex transient heat conducti

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1959
geophysics

Magnetotellurics

Magnetotellurics (MT) is a passive geophysical method that uses natural variations in Earth's magnetic and electric fields to characterize subsurface electrical conductivity. Developed by Louis Cagniard in 1953, MT measures the impedance relationship between naturally occurring magnetic fluctuations (from solar wind an

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง1953
oceanography

Marxan MPA Planning

Marxan is a decision-support system that uses optimization algorithms to design cost-effective marine protected area (MPA) networks that achieve conservation targets while minimizing socioeconomic costs. Developed by Ian Ball and Hugh Possingham in 2000, Marxan has become the global standard tool for systematic conserv

2 แหล่งอ้างอิง2000
← 12 / 43 →