Directed Social Network Analysis

Directed Social Network Analysis (directed SNA) studies networks in which every tie has an explicit direction — from a sender to a receiver — rather than treating relationships as symmetric. It extends the classical SNA toolkit with in-degree, out-degree, reciprocity, and asymmetric path measures, making it the appropriate framework wherever relationship direction carries substantive meaning, such as citation flows, advice-seeking, follower graphs, or information cascades.