เปรียบเทียบวิธี
ดูวิธีที่เลือกเทียบกันแบบเคียงข้าง แถวที่ต่างกันจะถูกเน้นไว้
| การสำรวจแบบสามเส้า× | การวิจัยแบบกลุ่มสนทนา× | |
|---|---|---|
| สาขาวิชา≠ | ระเบียบวิธีสำรวจ | เชิงคุณภาพ |
| ตระกูล | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| ปีกำเนิด≠ | 1978 (Denzin); widely operationalized in survey contexts from the 1990s onward | 1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s |
| ผู้ริเริ่ม≠ | Norman K. Denzin (triangulation concept); Alan Bryman (mixed-methods survey application) | Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger |
| ประเภท≠ | Mixed-methods data collection design | Qualitative data collection method |
| แหล่งต้นตำรับ≠ | Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. link ↗ | Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244 |
| ชื่อเรียกอื่น | survey triangulation, multi-method survey, convergent survey design, cross-validated survey | focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması |
| ที่เกี่ยวข้อง≠ | 5 | 6 |
| สรุป≠ | A Triangulated Survey deliberately combines a structured survey instrument with at least one additional data source — such as interviews, focus groups, observation, or a second survey — so that findings from each source can be cross-validated against the others. Rooted in Denzin's concept of methodological triangulation, the design strengthens credibility by checking whether independent lines of evidence converge on the same conclusions. It is especially common in applied social, educational, and health research. | Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting. |
| ScholarGateชุดข้อมูล ↗ |
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