เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การวิจารณ์ตำรา	การวิเคราะห์วาทกรรม
สาขาวิชา	วิธีการภาคสนาม	การวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	Antiquity; modern systematic method c. 1850s (Lachmann)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Classical philologists (Karl Lachmann foremost in systematic method)	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
ประเภท	Humanistic / philological research method	Method
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	West, M. L. (1973). Textual Criticism and Editorial Technique Applicable to Greek and Latin Texts. Teubner. ISBN: 978-3519074014	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	lower criticism, editorial criticism, philological criticism, manuscript criticism	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	5	2
สรุป	Textual criticism is a systematic philological method for identifying, comparing, and evaluating variant readings across multiple manuscript or print witnesses of a text in order to reconstruct the most accurate version of the original — or the author's intended — text. Applied since antiquity to classical, biblical, and literary works, it remains the foundational editorial method in classical studies, biblical scholarship, medieval studies, and critical editing of literary works.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.